Spring and Autumn period: The house of Zhao defeats the house of Zhi, ending the Battle of Jinyang, a military conflict between the elite families of the State of Jin.

Spring and Autumn periodZhao (state)Battle of JinyangJin (Chinese state)

Emperor Honorius signs an edict providing tax relief for the Italian provinces Tuscia, Campania, Picenum, Samnium, Apulia, Lucania and Calabria, which were plundered by the Visigoths.

Honorius (emperor)EdictProvince of ViterboCampaniaPicenum

Reccared I summons the Third Council of Toledo.

Reccared IThird Council of Toledo

Joan of Arc lifts the Siege of Orléans, turning the tide of the Hundred Years' War.

Joan of ArcSiege of OrléansHundred Years' War

Jack Cade's Rebellion: Kentishmen revolt against King Henry VI.

Jack CadeKentHenry VI of England

Trần Cảo Rebellion: A group of imperial guards, led by Trịnh Duy Sản, murdered Emperor Lê Tương Dực and fled, leaving the capital Thăng Long undefended.

Trần Cảo RebellionLê Tương DựcHanoi

Hernando de Soto reaches the Mississippi River and names it Río de Espíritu Santo.

Hernando de SotoMississippi River

The French Parlement is suspended to be replaced by the creation of forty-seven new courts.

Parlement

Branded a traitor during the Reign of Terror by revolutionists, French chemist Antoine Lavoisier, who was also a tax collector with the Ferme générale, is tried, convicted and guillotined in one day in Paris.

Reign of TerrorFrench RevolutionAntoine LavoisierTax collectorFerme générale

Greek War of Independence: The Greeks defeat the Turks at the Battle of Gravia Inn.

Greek War of IndependenceBattle of Gravia Inn

A train derails and catches fire in Paris, killing between 52 and 200 people.

Versailles rail accident

Mexican-American War: The Battle of Palo Alto: Zachary Taylor defeats a Mexican force north of the Rio Grande in the first major battle of the war.

Mexican-American WarBattle of Palo AltoZachary TaylorRio Grande

American Civil War: Richmond, Virginia is named the capital of the Confederate States of America.

American Civil WarRichmond, VirginiaConfederate States of America

At Gilmore's Gardens in New York City, the first Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show opens.

Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show

Pharmacist John Pemberton first sells a carbonated beverage named "Coca-Cola" as a patent medicine.

John PembertonCarbonationCoca-ColaPatent medicine

The first games of the Italian football league system are played.

Italian football league system

The Irish Literary Theatre in Dublin produced its first play.

Irish Literary Theatre

In Martinique, Mount Pelée erupts, destroying the town of Saint-Pierre and killing over 30,000 people. Only a handful of residents survive the blast.

MartiniqueMount PeléeSaint-Pierre, Martinique

Paramount Pictures is founded.

Paramount Pictures

Edward George Honey proposes the idea of a moment of silence to commemorate the Armistice of 11 November 1918 which ended World War I.

Edward George HoneyArmistice of 11 November 1918

The Klaipėda Convention is signed formally incorporating Klaipėda Region (Memel Territory) into Lithuania.

Klaipėda ConventionKlaipėda RegionLithuania

Attempting to make the first non-stop transatlantic flight from Paris to New York, French war heroes Charles Nungesser and François Coli disappear after taking off aboard The White Bird biplane.

Transatlantic flightCharles NungesserFrançois ColiThe White Bird

Mohandas Gandhi begins a 21-day fast of self-purification and launched a one-year campaign to help the Harijan movement.

Mohandas Gandhi

The German Luftwaffe launches a bombing raid on Nottingham and Derby

LuftwaffeNottingham Blitz

World War II: The Battle of the Kerch Peninsula: The German 11th Army begins Operation Trappenjagd (Bustard Hunt) and destroys the bridgehead of the three Soviet Armies (44th, 47th, and 51st) defending the Kerch Peninsula, in the eastern part of the Crimea.

World War IIBattle of the Kerch Peninsula11th Army (Wehrmacht)BridgeheadKerch Peninsula

World War II: The Battle of the Coral Sea comes to an end with Imperial Japanese Navy aircraft carrier aircraft attacking and sinking the United States Navy aircraft carrier USS Lexington. The battle marks the first time in the naval history that two enemy fleets fight without visual contact between warring ships.

Battle of the Coral SeaImperial Japanese NavyAircraft carrierUnited States NavyUSS Lexington (CV-2)

World War II: Gunners of the Ceylon Garrison Artillery on Horsburgh Island in the Cocos Islands rebel in the Cocos Islands Mutiny. Their mutiny is crushed and three of them are executed, the only British Commonwealth soldiers to be executed for mutiny during the Second World War.

Cocos IslandsCocos Islands MutinyCommonwealth of Nations

Hundreds of Algerian civilians are killed by French Army soldiers in the Sétif massacre.

AlgeriaSétif massacre

World War II: V-E Day, combat ends in Europe. German forces agree in Reims, France, to an unconditional surrender.

V-E DayReimsGerman Instrument of Surrender

End of the Prague uprising, celebrated now as a national holiday in the Czech Republic.

Prague uprising