Siward, Earl of Northumbria invades Scotland and defeats Macbeth, King of Scotland somewhere north of the Firth of Forth.

Siward, Earl of NorthumbriaMacbeth, King of ScotlandFirth of Forth

Friedrich Barbarossa arrives at Niš, the capital of Serbian King Stefan Nemanja, during the Third Crusade.

Frederick I, Holy Roman EmperorNišKingdom of Serbia (medieval)Stefan NemanjaThird Crusade

Georgian-Seljuk wars: At the Battle of Basian the Kingdom of Georgia defeats the Sultanate of Rum.

Georgian-Seljuk warsBattle of BasianKingdom of GeorgiaSultanate of Rum

Battle of Bouvines: Philip II of France decisively defeats Imperial, English and Flemish armies, effectively ending John of England's Angevin Empire.

Battle of BouvinesPhilip II of FranceHoly Roman EmpireKingdom of EnglandCounty of Flanders

According to Edward Gibbon, Osman I invades the territory of Nicomedia for the first time, usually considered to be the founding day of the Ottoman state.

Edward GibbonOsman INicomediaOttoman state

Battle of Bapheus: Decisive Ottoman victory over the Byzantines opening up Bithynia for Turkish conquest.

Battle of BapheusOttoman EmpireByzantine EmpireBithynia

The Jesuit priest Francis Xavier's ship reaches Japan.

Society of JesusFrancis Xavier

The English Parliament passes the second Navigation Act requiring that all goods bound for the American colonies have to be sent in English ships from English ports.

Parliament of EnglandNavigation ActsThirteen Colonies

Glorious Revolution: The Battle of Killiecrankie ends.

Glorious RevolutionBattle of Killiecrankie

A Royal charter is granted to the Bank of England.

Royal charterBank of England

The Battle of Grengam marks the second important victory of the Russian Navy.

Battle of GrengamRussian Navy

Founding of the U.S. Army Medical Department: The Second Continental Congress passes legislation establishing "an hospital for an army consisting of 20,000 men."

Army Medical Department (United States)Second Continental CongressContinental Army

American Revolution: First Battle of Ushant: British and French fleets fight to a standoff.

American RevolutionBattle of Ushant (1778)Kingdom of Great Britain

The first U.S. federal government agency, the Department of Foreign Affairs, is established (it will be later renamed Department of State).

Federal government of the United StatesUnited States Department of StateUnited States Department of State

French Revolution: Maximilien Robespierre is arrested after encouraging the execution of more than 17,000 "enemies of the Revolution".

French RevolutionMaximilien RobespierreThermidorian Reaction

Battle of Negro Fort: The battle ends when a hot shot cannonball fired by US Navy Gunboat No. 154 explodes the Fort's Powder Magazine, killing apx. 275. It is considered the deadliest single cannon shot in US history.

Battle of Negro Fort

Siege of Arrah begins: Sixty-eight men hold out for eight days against a force of 2,500 to 3,000 mutinying sepoys and 8,000 irregular forces.

Siege of Arrah

Welsh settlers arrive at Chubut in Argentina.

Y WladfaChubut RiverArgentina

The first permanent transatlantic telegraph cable is successfully completed, stretching from Valentia Island, Ireland, to Heart's Content, Newfoundland.

Transatlantic telegraph cableValentia IslandHeart's Content, Newfoundland and LabradorNewfoundland (island)

Second Anglo-Afghan War: Battle of Maiwand: Afghan forces led by Mohammad Ayub Khan defeat the British Army in battle near Maiwand, Afghanistan.

Second Anglo-Afghan WarBattle of MaiwandAfghanistanMohammad Ayub Khan (Emir of Afghanistan)Maiwand

Vincent van Gogh shoots himself and dies two days later.

Vincent van Gogh

Kaiser Wilhelm II makes a speech comparing Germans to Huns; for years afterwards, "Hun" would be a disparaging name for Germans.

Wilhelm II, German EmperorHuns

The Allies reach the Yser Canal at the Battle of Passchendaele.

Allies of World War IYserBattle of Passchendaele

The Chicago Race Riot erupts after a racial incident occurred on a South Side beach, leading to 38 fatalities and 537 injuries over a five-day period.

Chicago race riot of 1919South Side, Chicago

Researchers at the University of Toronto, led by biochemist Frederick Banting, prove that the hormone insulin regulates blood sugar.

University of TorontoBiochemistFrederick BantingHormoneInsulin

The Geneva Convention of 1929, dealing with treatment of prisoners-of-war, is signed by 53 nations.

Geneva Convention (1929)

The animated short A Wild Hare is released, introducing the character of Bugs Bunny.

A Wild HareBugs Bunny

Japanese troops stationed in Tonkin occupy the southern portion of French Indochina.

TonkinJapanese invasion of French Indochina

World War II: Allied forces successfully halt the final Axis advance into Egypt.

World War IIAllies of World War IIFirst Battle of El AlameinAxis powers

Initial flight of the de Havilland Comet, the first jet-powered airliner.

De Havilland Comet