JUNE
06.12
6月12日 · 星期五
今天,历史发生过什么?
1429.06.12:圣女贞德的利剑,劈开奥尔良之后的第一道城垣
当贞德率军冲向雅尔若城时,英格兰指挥官萨福克公爵或许尚未意识到,这个农家少女正将百年战争的潮水逆转。两天血战,法军不仅夺下城池,更俘获了敌军主帅。那是1429年的初夏,火与旗帜在卢瓦尔河畔燃烧。今天回望,这不仅是军事胜利,更是一个信念战胜怀疑的时刻——一个人可以凭确信改变历史的航向。
城可破,心不可摧。
6月12日大事记
按时间排序,共 30 件
- 910
Battle of Augsburg: The Hungarians defeat the East Frankish army under King Louis the Child, using the famous feigned retreat tactic of the nomadic warriors.
Battle of Lechfeld (910)HungariansEast FranciaLouis the ChildFeigned retreat
- 1240
At the instigation of Louis IX of France, an inter-faith debate, known as the Disputation of Paris, starts between a Christian monk and four rabbis.
Louis IX of FranceDisputation of ParisRabbi
- 1381
Peasants' Revolt: In England, rebels arrive at Blackheath.
Peasants' RevoltKingdom of EnglandBlackheath, London
- 1418
Armagnac-Burgundian Civil War: Parisians slaughter Bernard VII, Count of Armagnac and his suspected sympathizers, along with all prisoners, foreign bankers, and students and faculty of the College of Navarre.
Armagnac-Burgundian Civil WarBernard VII, Count of ArmagnacCollege of Navarre
- 1429
Hundred Years' War: Joan of Arc leads the French army in their capture of the city and the English commander, William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk in the second day of the Battle of Jargeau.
Hundred Years' WarJoan of ArcWilliam de la Pole, 1st Duke of SuffolkBattle of Jargeau
- 1550
The city of Helsinki, Finland (belonging to Sweden at the time) is founded by King Gustav I of Sweden.
HelsinkiGustav I of Sweden
- 1653
First Anglo-Dutch War: The Battle of the Gabbard begins and lasts until June 13.
First Anglo-Dutch WarBattle of the GabbardJune 13
- 1665
England installs a municipal government in New York City (the former Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam).
NetherlandsNew Amsterdam
- 1758
French and Indian War: Siege of Louisbourg: James Wolfe's attack at Louisbourg, Nova Scotia commences.
French and Indian WarSiege of Louisbourg (1758)James WolfeLouisbourg, Nova Scotia
- 1772
French explorer Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne and 25 of his men killed by Māori in New Zealand
Marc-Joseph Marion du FresneMāori peopleNew Zealand
- 1775
American Revolution: British general Thomas Gage declares martial law in Massachusetts. The British offer a pardon to all colonists who lay down their arms. There would be only two exceptions to the amnesty: Samuel Adams and John Hancock, if captured, were to be hanged.
American RevolutionBritish ArmyThomas GageMartial lawMassachusetts Colony
- 1776
The Virginia Declaration of Rights is adopted.
Virginia Declaration of Rights
- 1798
Irish Rebellion of 1798: Battle of Ballynahinch.
Irish Rebellion of 1798Battle of Ballynahinch
- 1817
maiden ride by Karl von Drais of the bicycle.
Karl von DraisBicycle
- 1864
American Civil War, Overland Campaign: Battle of Cold Harbor: Ulysses S. Grant gives the Confederate forces under Robert E. Lee a victory when he pulls his Union troops from their position at Cold Harbor, Virginia and moves south.
American Civil WarOverland CampaignBattle of Cold HarborUlysses S. GrantRobert E. Lee
- 1898
Philippine Declaration of Independence: General Emilio Aguinaldo declares the Philippines' independence from Spain.
Philippine Declaration of IndependenceEmilio AguinaldoPhilippines
- 1899
New Richmond tornado: The eighth deadliest tornado in U.S. history kills 117 people and injures around 200.
New Richmond tornadoTornado
- 1914
Massacre of Phocaea: Turkish irregulars slaughter 50 to 100 Greeks and expel thousands of others in an ethnic cleansing operation in the Ottoman Empire.
Massacre of PhocaeaEthnic cleansingOttoman Empire
- 1935
A ceasefire is negotiated between Bolivia and Paraguay, ending the Chaco War
BoliviaParaguayChaco War
- 1939
Shooting begins on Paramount Pictures' Dr. Cyclops, the first horror film photographed in three-strip Technicolor.
Paramount PicturesDr. CyclopsTechnicolor
- 1939
The Baseball Hall of Fame opens in Cooperstown, New York.
Baseball Hall of FameCooperstown, New York
- 1940
World War II: Thirteen thousand British and French troops surrender to Major General Erwin Rommel at Saint-Valery-en-Caux.
World War IIMajor GeneralErwin RommelSaint-Valery-en-Caux
- 1942
Anne Frank receives a diary for her thirteenth birthday.
Anne FrankDiary
- 1943
Holocaust: Germany liquidates the Jewish Ghetto in Brzeżany, Poland (now Berezhany, Ukraine). Around 1,180 Jews are led to the city's old Jewish graveyard and shot.
Nazi GermanyJewish quarter (diaspora)BerezhanyUkraineJews
- 1944
American paratroopers of the 101st Airborne Division secure the town of Carentan.
Paratroopers101st Airborne DivisionBattle of CarentanCarentan
- 1954
Pope Pius XII canonises Dominic Savio, who was 14 years old at the time of his death, as a saint, making him at the time the youngest unmartyred saint in the Roman Catholic Church. In 2017 Jacinta and Francisco Marto, aged 10 and 9 at the time of their deaths, are declared saints.
Pope Pius XIICanonizationDominic SavioSaintMartyr
- 1963
NAACP field secretary Medgar Evers is murdered in front of his home in Jackson, Mississippi by Ku Klux Klan member Byron De La Beckwith during the Civil Rights Movement.
National Association for the Advancement of Colored PeopleMedgar EversJackson, MississippiKu Klux KlanByron De La Beckwith
- 1964
Anti-apartheid activist and ANC leader Nelson Mandela is sentenced to life in prison for sabotage in South Africa.
ApartheidAfrican National CongressNelson MandelaNelson MandelaSabotage
- 1967
The United States Supreme Court in Loving v. Virginia declares all U.S. state laws which prohibit interracial marriage to be unconstitutional.
Supreme Court of the United StatesLoving v. VirginiaU.S. stateInterracial marriageConstitutionality
- 1979
Bryan Allen wins the second Kremer prize for a man powered flight across the English Channel in the Gossamer Albatross.
Bryan Allen (cyclist)Kremer prizeEnglish ChannelGossamer Albatross
6月12日出生的名人
- E
950 · Reizei, Japanese emperor (d. 1011)
- E
1107 · Gao Zong, Chinese emperor (d. 1187)
- C
1161 · Constance, Duchess of Brittany (d. 1201)
- C
1519 · Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1574)
- A
1561 · Anna of Württemberg, German princess (d. 1616)
- J
1564 · John Casimir, Duke of Saxe-Coburg (d. 1633)
- R
1573 · Robert Radclyffe, 5th Earl of Sussex, soldier (d. 1629)
- P
1577 · Paul Guldin, Swiss astronomer and mathematician (d. 1643)
- A
1580 · Adriaen van Stalbemt, Flemish painter (d. 1662)
- M
1653 · Maria Amalia of Courland, Landgravine of Hesse-Kassel (d. 1711)
- M
1686 · Marie-Catherine Homassel Hecquet, French writer (d. 1764)
- L
1711 · Louis Legrand, French priest and theologian (d. 1780)
6月12日逝世的名人
- H
796 · Hisham I, Muslim emir (b. 757)
- P
816 · Pope Leo III (b. 750)
- Æ
918 · Æthelflæd, Mercian daughter of Alfred the Great (b. 870)
- L
1020 · Lyfing, English archbishop (b. 999)
- T
1036 · Tedald, Italian bishop (b. 990)
- A
1144 · Al-Zamakhshari, Persian theologian (b. 1075)
- H
1152 · Henry of Scotland, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon (b. 1114)
- H
1266 · Henry II, Prince of Anhalt-Aschersleben (b. 1215)
- J
1294 · John I of Brienne, Count of Eu
- B
1418 · Bernard VII, Count of Armagnac (b. 1360)
- J
1435 · John FitzAlan, 14th Earl of Arundel, English commander (b. 1408)
- L
1478 · Ludovico III Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua (b. 1412)
