Pope John X crowned Berengar I of Italy as Holy Roman Emperor.

Pope John XBerengar I of ItalyHoly Roman Emperor

War of the Second Coalition: Battle of Wiesloch: Austrian Lieutenant Field Marshal Anton Sztáray defeats the French at Wiesloch.

War of the Second CoalitionBattle of Wiesloch (1799)Austrian EmpireAnton SztárayFirst French Empire

War of the Second Coalition: Battle of Hohenlinden: French General Moreau decisively defeats the Archduke John of Austria near Munich. Coupled with First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte's earlier victory at Marengo, this will force the Austrians to sign an armistice and end the war.

Battle of HohenlindenJean Victor Marie MoreauArchduke John of AustriaMunichFirst Consul

Illinois becomes the 21st U.S. state.

IllinoisU.S. state

The Zollverein (German Customs Union) begins the first regular census in Germany.

ZollvereinCensus in Germany

Battle of the Eureka Stockade: More than 20 gold miners at Ballarat, Victoria, are killed by state troopers in an uprising over mining licences.

Battle of the Eureka StockadeBallarat, Victoria

The Duquesne Country and Athletic Club defeated an all-star collection of early football players 16-0, in what is considered to be the very first all-star game for professional American football.

Duquesne Country and Athletic Club1898 Western Pennsylvania All-Star football teamAll-star gameAmerican football

In a State of the Union message, U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt asks Congress to curb the power of trusts "within reasonable limits".

1901 State of the Union AddressTheodore RooseveltUnited States CongressTrust (business)

The Jovian moon Himalia is discovered by Charles Dillon Perrine at California's Lick Observatory.

Moons of JupiterHimalia (moon)Charles Dillon PerrineLick Observatory

Modern neon lighting is first demonstrated by Georges Claude at the Paris Motor Show.

Neon lightingGeorges ClaudeParis Motor Show

Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro, and Serbia (the Balkan League) sign an armistice with the Ottoman Empire, temporarily halting the First Balkan War. (The armistice will expire on February 3, 1913, and hostilities will resume.)

BulgariaMontenegroSerbiaBalkan LeagueOttoman Empire

After nearly 20 years of planning and construction, including two collapses causing 89 deaths, the Quebec Bridge opens to traffic.

Quebec Bridge

Following more than a month of Turkish-Armenian War, the Turkish dictated Treaty of Alexandropol is concluded.

Turkish-Armenian WarTreaty of Alexandropol

Putting Pants on Philip, the first Laurel and Hardy film, is released.

Putting Pants on PhilipLaurel and Hardy

Greek Civil War: Fighting breaks out in Athens between the ELAS and government forces supported by the British Army.

Greek Civil WarDekemvrianaAthensGreek People's Liberation Army

The current flag of Singapore is adopted, six months after Singapore became self-governing within the British Empire.

Flag of SingaporeSingaporeBritish Empire

The musical Camelot debuts at the Majestic Theatre on Broadway. It will become associated with the Kennedy administration.

Camelot (musical)Majestic Theatre (Broadway)Broadway theatreJohn F. Kennedy

Free Speech Movement: Police arrest over 800 students at the University of California, Berkeley, following their takeover and sit-in at the administration building in protest of the UC Regents' decision to forbid protests on UC property.

Free Speech MovementUniversity of California, BerkeleyRegents of the University of California

At Groote Schuur Hospital in Cape Town, South Africa, a transplant team headed by Christiaan Barnard carries out the first heart transplant on a human (53-year-old Louis Washkansky).

Groote Schuur HospitalCape TownChristiaan BarnardHeart transplantLouis Washkansky

Indo-Pakistani War of 1971: Pakistan launches a pre-emptive strike against India and a full-scale war begins claiming hundreds of lives.

Indo-Pakistani War of 1971Operation Chengiz Khan

Pioneer program: Pioneer 10 sends back the first close-up images of Jupiter.

Pioneer programPioneer 10Jupiter

An assassination attempt is made on Bob Marley. He is shot twice, and plays a concert two days later.

Bob MarleySmile Jamaica Concert

In Cincinnati, 11 fans are suffocated in a crush for seats on the concourse outside Riverfront Coliseum before a Who concert.

CincinnatiThe Who concert disasterRiverfront ColiseumThe Who

Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini becomes the first Supreme Leader of Iran.

Ruhollah KhomeiniSupreme Leader of Iran

A soil sample is taken from Times Beach, Missouri, that will be found to contain 300 times the safe level of dioxin.

Times Beach, MissouriPolychlorinated dibenzodioxins

Bhopal disaster: A methyl isocyanate leak from a Union Carbide pesticide plant in Bhopal, India, kills more than 3,800 people outright and injures 150,000-600,000 others (some 6,000 of whom would later die from their injuries) in one of the worst industrial disasters in history.

Bhopal disasterMethyl isocyanateUnion CarbideBhopal

Cold War: In a meeting off the coast of Malta, U.S. President George H. W. Bush and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev release statements indicating that the Cold War between NATO and the Soviet Union may be coming to an end.

Cold WarMaltaGeorge H. W. BushMikhail GorbachevCold War

The Greek oil tanker Aegean Sea, carrying 80,000 tonnes of crude oil, runs aground in a storm while approaching A Coruña, Spain, and spills much of its cargo.

Oil tankerCrude oilA CoruñaAegean Sea oil spill

A test engineer for Sema Group uses a personal computer to send the world's first text message via the Vodafone network to the phone of a colleague.

Sema GroupText messageVodafone

The PlayStation was released in Japan

PlayStation (console)