Ten Kingdoms: Li Bian usurps the throne and deposes Emperor Yang Pu. The Wu State is replaced by Li (now called "Xu Zhigao"), who becomes the first ruler of Southern Tang.

Ten KingdomsLi BianYang PuWu (Ten Kingdoms)Southern Tang

Fourth Crusade: Despite letters from Pope Innocent III forbidding it and threatening excommunication, Catholic crusaders begin a siege of Zara (now Zadar, Croatia).

Fourth CrusadePope Innocent IIIExcommunicationSiege of ZaraZadar

Raden Wijaya is crowned as the first monarch of Majapahit kingdom of Java, taking the throne name Kertarajasa Jayawardhana.

Raden WijayaMajapahitJava

Battle of Varna: The crusading forces of King Władysław III of Poland (aka Ulaszlo I of Hungary and Władysław III of Varna) are defeated by the Turks under Sultan Murad II and Władysław is killed.

Battle of VarnaWładysław III of PolandOttoman EmpireMurad II

After a three-day siege, the English Army beheads over 600 people, including papal soldiers and civilians, at Dún an Óir, Ireland.

Siege of SmerwickDecapitationPapal StatesDún an ÓirIreland

Chattrapati Shivaji Maharaj, Maratha King kills Afzal Khan, Adilshahi in the battle popularly known as Battle of Pratapgarh. This is also recognised as the first defence of Swarajya.

ShivajiMaratha EmpireAfzal Khan (general)AdilshahiBattle of Pratapgarh

Third Anglo-Dutch War: As provided in the Treaty of Westminster, Netherlands cedes New Netherland to England.

Third Anglo-Dutch WarTreaty of Westminster (1674)New NetherlandEngland

English colonists under the command of James Moore besiege Spanish St. Augustine during Queen Anne's War.

James Moore (South Carolina politician)Siege of St. Augustine (1702)St. Augustine, FloridaQueen Anne's War

The last colonial governor of New Jersey, William Franklin, signs the charter of Queen's College (later renamed Rutgers University).

New JerseyWilliam FranklinRutgers University

The United States Marine Corps is founded at Tun Tavern in Philadelphia by Samuel Nicholas.

United States Marine CorpsUnited States Marine Corps birthday ballTun TavernPhiladelphiaSamuel Nicholas

A Goddess of Reason is proclaimed by the French Convention at the suggestion of Pierre Gaspard Chaumette.

Goddess of ReasonFrench ConventionPierre Gaspard Chaumette

Cry of Independence by Rufina Alfaro at La Villa de Los Santos, Panama setting into motion a revolt which led to Panama's independence from Spain and to it immediately becoming part of Colombia.

The Gesture of Rufina AlfaroLos Santos DistrictPanamaHistory of PanamaGran Colombia

The passenger ship Stephen Whitney is wrecked in thick fog off the southern coast of Ireland, killing 92 of the 110 on board. The disaster results in the construction of the Fastnet Rock lighthouse.

Stephen Whitney (ship)Fastnet Rock

Major Henry Wirz, the superintendent of a prison camp in Andersonville, Georgia, is hanged, becoming one of only three American Civil War soldiers executed for war crimes.

Henry WirzAndersonville, GeorgiaHangingAmerican Civil WarExecution (legal)

Henry Morton Stanley locates missing explorer and missionary, Dr David Livingstone in Ujiji, near Lake Tanganyika, famously greeting him with the words, "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?".

Henry Morton StanleyDavid LivingstoneUjijiLake Tanganyika

Beginning of the Wilmington insurrection of 1898, the only instance of a municipal government being overthrown in United States history.

Wilmington insurrection of 1898

The date of Thomas A. Davis' opening of the San Diego Army and Navy Academy, although the official founding date is November 23, 1910.

Thomas A. DavisSan Diego Army and Navy Academy

The Western Union Cable Office in North Sydney, Nova Scotia, receives a top-secret coded message from Europe (that would be sent to Ottawa and Washington, D.C.) that said on November 11, 1918, all fighting would cease on land, sea and in the air.

North Sydney, Nova ScotiaOttawaNovember 11, 1918

The 1940 Vrancea earthquake strikes Romania killing an estimated 1,000 and injuring approximately 4,000 more.

1940 Vrancea earthquakeRomania

World War II: Germany invades Vichy France following French Admiral François Darlan's agreement to an armistice with the Allies in North Africa.

Nazi GermanyCase AntonFrançois DarlanAllies of World War II

The ammunition ship USS Mount Hood explodes at Seeadler Harbour, Manus, Admiralty Islands, killing at least 432 and wounding 371.

USS Mount Hood (AE-11)Manus IslandAdmiralty Islands

Heavy fighting in Surabaya between Indonesian nationalists and returning colonialists after World War II, today celebrated as Heroes' Day (Hari Pahlawan).

Battle of SurabayaSurabayaIndonesiaHeroes Day (Indonesia)

With the rollout of the North American Numbering Plan, direct-dial coast-to-coast telephone service begins in the United States.

North American Numbering PlanTelephone

U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower dedicates the USMC War Memorial (Iwo Jima memorial) in Arlington Ridge Park in Arlington County, Virginia.

Dwight D. EisenhowerUSMC War MemorialArlington County, Virginia

The Hope Diamond is donated to the Smithsonian Institution by New York diamond merchant Harry Winston.

Hope DiamondSmithsonian InstitutionHarry Winston

National Educational Television (the predecessor to the Public Broadcasting Service) in the United States debuts Sesame Street.

National Educational TelevisionPublic Broadcasting ServiceSesame Street

Vietnam War: Vietnamization: For the first time in five years, an entire week ends with no reports of American combat fatalities in Southeast Asia.

Vietnam WarVietnamization

In Cambodia, Khmer Rouge forces attack the city of Phnom Penh and its airport, killing 44, wounding at least 30 and damaging nine aircraft.

CambodiaKhmer RougePhnom PenhFixed-wing aircraft

Southern Airways Flight 49 from Birmingham, Alabama is hijacked and, at one point, is threatened with crashing into the nuclear installation at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. After two days, the plane lands in Havana, Cuba, where the hijackers are jailed by Fidel Castro.

Southern AirwaysSouthern Airways Flight 49Birmingham, AlabamaAircraft hijackingOak Ridge National Laboratory

The 729-foot-long freighter SS Edmund Fitzgerald sinks during a storm on Lake Superior, killing all 29 crew on board.

SS Edmund FitzgeraldLake Superior