Roman emperor Constantius II promotes his cousin Julian to the rank of Caesar, entrusting him with the government of the Prefecture of the Gauls.

Roman emperorConstantius IIJulian (emperor)Caesar (title)Praetorian prefecture of Gaul

A powerful earthquake destroys large portions of the Walls of Constantinople, including 57 towers.

Walls of Constantinople

Synod of Rome: Emperor Otto I calls a council at St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. Pope John XII is deposed on charges of a armed rebellion against Otto.

Synod of Rome (963)Otto I, Holy Roman EmperorSt. Peter's BasilicaRomePope John XII

The Charter of the Forest is sealed at St Paul's Cathedral, London by King Henry III, acting under the regency of William Marshall, 1st Earl of Pembroke which re-establishes for free men rights of access to the royal forest that had been eroded by William the Conqueror and his heirs.

Charter of the ForestSt Paul's Cathedral, LondonHenry III of EnglandWilliam Marshall, 1st Earl of PembrokeFree tenant

Shipwrecked Spanish conquistador Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca becomes the first known European to set foot in the area that would become Texas.

Álvar Núñez Cabeza de VacaTexas

Pope Pius VI appoints Father John Carroll as the first Catholic bishop in the United States.

Pope Pius VIJohn Carroll (bishop)Bishop (Catholic Church)United States

Battle of Jemappes in the French Revolutionary Wars.

Battle of JemappesFrench Revolutionary Wars

The first Constitution of the Dominican Republic is adopted.

Constitution of the Dominican Republic

Scenes of Clerical Life, the first work of fiction by the author later known as George Eliot, is submitted for publication.

Scenes of Clerical LifeGeorge Eliot

Abraham Lincoln is elected as the 16th President of United States.

Abraham LincolnPresident of United States

American Civil War: Jefferson Davis is elected president of the Confederate States of America.

American Civil WarJefferson DavisPresident of the Confederate States of AmericaConfederate States of America

American Civil War: CSS Shenandoah is the last Confederate combat unit to surrender after circumnavigating the globe on a cruise on which it sank or captured 37 unarmed merchant vessels.

CSS Shenandoah

In New Brunswick, New Jersey, Rutgers College defeats Princeton University (then known as the College of New Jersey), 6-4, in the first official intercollegiate American football game.

New Brunswick, New JerseyRutgers CollegePrinceton University1869 college football seasonCollege football

Mohandas Gandhi is arrested while leading a march of Indian miners in South Africa.

Mahatma Gandhi

World War I: Battle of Passchendaele ends: After three months of fierce fighting, Canadian forces take Passchendaele in Belgium.

World War IBattle of PasschendaelePassendale

The Provisional People's Government of the Republic of Poland is established.

Provisional People's Government of the Republic of Poland

Herbert Hoover is elected the 31st President of the United States.

Herbert HooverPresident of the United States

Memphis, Tennessee becomes the first major city to join the Tennessee Valley Authority.

Memphis, TennesseeTennessee Valley Authority

Edwin Armstrong presents his paper "A Method of Reducing Disturbances in Radio Signaling by a System of Frequency Modulation" to the New York section of the Institute of Radio Engineers.

Edwin ArmstrongFM broadcastingInstitute of Radio Engineers

World War II: Sonderaktion Krakau takes place.

World War IISonderaktion Krakau

World War II: During the Battle of Moscow, Joseph Stalin addresses the Soviet people for only the second time.

Battle of Moscow

World War II: Carlson's patrol during the Guadalcanal Campaign begins.

Carlson's patrolGuadalcanal Campaign

World War II: First flight of the Heinkel He 219.

Heinkel He 219

World War II: The Soviet Red Army recaptures Kiev. Before withdrawing, the Germans destroy most of the city's ancient buildings.

Red ArmyKiev

Plutonium is first produced at the Hanford Atomic Facility and subsequently used in the Fat Man atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, Japan.

PlutoniumHanford SiteFat ManAtomic bombNagasaki

Concerned that her cover was about to be blown, Elizabeth Bentley turns herself in to the FBI and confesses she had been spying for the Soviet Union.

Elizabeth BentleyFBI

Meet the Press, the longest running television program in history, makes its debut.

Meet the Press

Deputy commander-in-chief of the Eastern China Field Army General Su Yu launches a massive offensive toward Xuzhou, defended by seven different armies under the General Suppression Headquarters of Xuzhou Garrison, the Huaihai Campaign. The largest operational campaign of the Chinese Civil War begins.

Su YuXuzhouGeneral Suppression Headquarters of Xuzhou GarrisonHuaihai CampaignChinese Civil War

Dwight D. Eisenhower is reelected President of the United States.

Dwight D. Eisenhower

The United Nations General Assembly passes a resolution condemning South Africa's apartheid policies and calls for all UN member states to cease military and economic relations with the nation.

United Nations General AssemblySouth AfricaApartheid