Emperor Tenji of Japan introduces a water clock (clepsydra) called Rokoku. The instrument, which measures time and indicates hours, is placed in the capital of Ōtsu.

Emperor TenjiWater clockŌtsu, Shiga

Third Crusade: Frederick I Barbarossa drowns in the river Saleph while leading an army to Jerusalem.

Third CrusadeFrederick I, Holy Roman EmperorGöksuJerusalem

The Battle of Pelekanon results in a Byzantine defeat by the Ottoman Empire.

Battle of PelekanonByzantine EmpireOttoman Empire

Copenhagen is surrounded by the army of Frederick I of Denmark, as the city won't recognise him as the successor of Christian II of Denmark.

CopenhagenFrederick I of DenmarkChristian II of Denmark

Council of Trent: Pope Paul III sends out letters to his bishops, delaying the Council due to war and the difficulty bishops had traveling to Venice.

Council of TrentPope Paul IIIBishopVenice

Willem Barents and Jacob van Heemskerk discover Bear Island.

Willem BarentsJacob van HeemskerkBear Island (Norway)

Thirty Years' War: Battle of Záblatí, a turning point in the Bohemian Revolt.

Thirty Years' WarBattle of ZáblatíThirty Years' War

Signing of the Treaty of Compiègne between France and the Netherlands.

Treaty of Compiègne (1624)

Salem witch trials: Bridget Bishop is hanged at Gallows Hill near Salem, Massachusetts, for "certaine Detestable Arts called Witchcraft & Sorceries".

Salem witch trialsBridget BishopSalem, Massachusetts

Jacobite risings: Battle of Glen Shiel.

Jacobite risingsBattle of Glen Shiel

King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (Rama I) of Siam (modern day Thailand) is crowned.

Buddha Yodfa ChulalokeThailandCoronation of the Thai monarch

A landslide dam on the Dadu River created by an earthquake ten days earlier collapses, killing 100,000 in the Sichuan province of China.

Landslide damDadu River (Sichuan)Sichuan

The Jardin des Plantes museum opens in Paris. A year later, it becomes the first public zoo.

Jardin des PlantesZoo

French Revolution: Following the arrests of Girondin leaders, the Jacobins gain control of the Committee of Public Safety installing the revolutionary dictatorship.

French RevolutionGirondinJacobinsCommittee of Public SafetyReign of Terror

First Barbary War: Yusuf Karamanli signs a treaty ending the hostilities between Tripolitania and the United States.

First Barbary WarYusuf KaramanliTripolitania

The first Boat Race between the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge takes place on the Thames in London.

The Boat RaceUniversity of OxfordUniversity of CambridgeRiver ThamesLondon

Myall Creek massacre: Twenty-eight Aboriginal Australians are murdered.

Myall Creek massacreAboriginal Australians

The first class of United States Naval Academy students graduate.

United States Naval Academy

American Civil War: Battle of Big Bethel: Confederate troops under John B. Magruder defeat a much larger Union force led by General Ebenezer W. Pierce in Virginia.

American Civil WarBattle of Big BethelConfederate States of AmericaJohn B. MagruderUnion (American Civil War)

American Civil War: Battle of Brice's Crossroads: Confederate troops under Nathan Bedford Forrest defeat a much larger Union force led by General Samuel D. Sturgis in Mississippi.

Battle of Brice's CrossroadsNathan Bedford ForrestSamuel D. SturgisMississippi

Sinmiyangyo: Captain McLane Tilton leads 109 US Marines in a naval attack on Han River forts on Kanghwa Island, Korea.

SinmiyangyoUnited States Marine CorpsHan River (Korea)Kanghwa Island

League of Prizren is established, to oppose the decisions of the Congress of Berlin and the Treaty of San Stefano, as a consequence of which the Albanian lands in Balkans were being partitioned and given to the neighbor states of Serbia, Montenegro, Bulgaria and Greece.

League of PrizrenCongress of BerlinTreaty of San StefanoBalkansSerbia

Mount Tarawera in New Zealand erupts, killing 153 people and burying the famous Pink and White Terraces. Eruptions continue for three months creating a large, 17 km long fissure across the mountain peak.

Mount TaraweraPink and White Terraces

Spanish-American War: U.S. Marines land on the island of Cuba.

Spanish-American WarUnited States Marine CorpsCuba

The Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire was declared by Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca.

Arab RevoltOttoman EmpireHussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca

The Austro-Hungarian battleship SMS Szent István sinks off the Croatian coast after being torpedoed by an Italian MAS motorboat; the event is recorded by camera from a nearby vessel.

Austro-Hungarian NavySMS Szent IstvánCroatiaKingdom of ItalyMAS (ships)

Fascists kidnap and kill Italian Socialist leader Giacomo Matteotti in Rome.

FascistSocialismGiacomo Matteotti

Dr. Robert Smith takes his last drink, and Alcoholics Anonymous is founded in Akron, Ohio, United States, by him and Bill Wilson.

Bob Smith (doctor)Alcoholics AnonymousAkron, OhioOhioBill W.

Chaco War ends: A truce is called between Bolivia and Paraguay who had been fighting since 1932.

Chaco WarBoliviaParaguay1932

World War II: Italy declares war on France and the United Kingdom.

World War II