In his last victory, Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger in the Battle of Munda.

Julius CaesarPompeyTitus LabienusGnaeus Pompeius (son of Pompey the Great)Battle of Munda

Marcus Aurelius dies leaving Commodus the sole emperor of the Roman Empire.

Marcus AureliusCommodusRoman Empire

Petronius Maximus becomes, with support of the Roman Senate, emperor of the Western Roman Empire.

Petronius MaximusRoman SenateWestern Roman Empire

The Raja of Butuan in what is now the Philippines sends a tributary mission to the Song dynasty.

Rajahnate of ButuanPhilippinesSong dynasty

Edward, the Black Prince is made Duke of Cornwall, the first Duchy in England.

Edward, the Black PrinceDuke of CornwallDuchy

The Battle of Los Alporchones is fought in the context of the Spanish Reconquista between the Emirate of Granada and the combined forces of the Kingdom of Castile and Murcia resulting in a Christian victory.

Battle of Los AlporchonesReconquistaEmirate of GranadaKingdom of CastileTaifa of Murcia

Fort Coligny on Villegagnon Island in Rio de Janeiro is attacked and destroyed during the Portuguese campaign against France Antarctique.

Fort ColignyVillegagnon IslandRio de JaneiroPortuguese EmpireFrance Antarctique

The Siege of Valenciennes, during the Franco-Dutch War, ends with France's taking of the city.

Siege of Valenciennes (1676-77)Franco-Dutch War

American Revolution: British forces evacuate Boston, ending the Siege of Boston, after George Washington and Henry Knox place artillery in positions overlooking the city.

American RevolutionEvacuation Day (Massachusetts)BostonSiege of BostonGeorge Washington

American Revolution: George Washington grants the Continental Army a holiday "as an act of solidarity with the Irish in their fight for independence".

Continental ArmySaint Patrick's Day

The Italian Republic, with Napoleon as president, becomes the Kingdom of Italy, with Napoleon as King.

Italian Republic (Napoleonic)NapoleonKingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)

The Malay archipelago splits into two domains after the Anglo-Dutch Treaty is signed in London. As a result, the Malay Peninsula is dominated by the British, while Sumatra and Java and surrounding areas are dominated by the Dutch.

Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824

The Relief Society of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is formed;

Relief SocietyThe Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

The First Taranaki War begins in Taranaki, New Zealand, a major phase of the New Zealand land wars.

First Taranaki WarTaranakiNew Zealand land wars

The Kingdom of Italy is proclaimed.

Kingdom of Italy

SS Utopia collides with HMS Anson in the Bay of Gibraltar and sinks, killing 562 of the 880 passengers on board.

SS UtopiaHMS Anson (1886)Bay of Gibraltar

The Second Polish Republic adopts the March Constitution.

Second Polish RepublicMarch Constitution

Second Sino-Japanese War: Battle of Nanchang between the Kuomintang and Japan begins,

Second Sino-Japanese WarBattle of NanchangKuomintangEmpire of Japan

In Washington, D.C., the National Gallery of Art is officially opened by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

National Gallery of ArtFranklin D. Roosevelt

Holocaust: The first Jews from the Lvov Ghetto are gassed at the Belzec death camp in what is today eastern Poland.

The HolocaustLwów GhettoBelzec extermination camp

The Ludendorff Bridge in Remagen, Germany, collapses, ten days after its capture.

Ludendorff BridgeRemagen

First flight of the B-45 Tornado strategic bomber.

B-45 TornadoStrategic bomber

Belgium, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom sign the Treaty of Brussels, a precursor to the North Atlantic Treaty establishing NATO.

BelgiumFranceLuxembourgNetherlandsUnited Kingdom

Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley announce the creation of element 98, which they name "californium".

University of California, BerkeleyCalifornium

A plane crash in Cebu, Philippines kills Philippine President Ramon Magsaysay and 24 others.

1957 Cebu Douglas C-47 crashCebuPhilippinesPresident of the PhilippinesRamon Magsaysay

The United States launches the Vanguard 1 satellite.

Vanguard 1Satellite

Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama, flees Tibet for India.

14th Dalai LamaDalai LamaTibet

U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs the National Security Council directive on the anti-Cuban covert action program that will ultimately lead to the Bay of Pigs Invasion.

Dwight D. EisenhowerUnited States National Security CouncilCubaBay of Pigs Invasion

Mount Agung erupted on Bali killing more than 1,100 people.

Mount AgungBali

Off the coast of Spain in the Mediterranean, the DSV Alvin submarine finds a missing American hydrogen bomb.

DSV Alvin1966 Palomares B-52 crash