London tornado of 1091: A tornado thought to be of strength T8/F4 strikes the heart of London.

London tornado of 1091Tornado

Battle of Neville's Cross: King David II of Scotland is captured by the English near Durham, and imprisoned in the Tower of London for eleven years.

Battle of Neville's CrossDavid II of ScotlandDurham, EnglandTower of London

Second Battle of Kosovo, where the mainly Hungarian army led by John Hunyadi is defeated by an Ottoman army led by Sultan Murad II.

Battle of Kosovo (1448)John HunyadiOttoman EmpireMurad II

The University of Greifswald is established, making it the second oldest university in northern Europe (also for a period the oldest in Sweden, and Prussia).

University of GreifswaldNorthern EuropePrussia

Poczta Polska, the Polish postal service, is founded.

Poczta PolskaPostage stamps and postal history of Poland

Kepler's Supernova: German astronomer Johannes Kepler observes a supernova in the constellation Ophiuchus.

Kepler's SupernovaJohannes KeplerSupernovaConstellationOphiuchus

French king Louis XIII is crowned in Reims Cathedral.

Louis XIII of FranceReims Cathedral

Nine regicides, the men who signed the death warrant of Charles I, are hanged, drawn and quartered.

List of regicides of Charles ICharles I of EnglandHanged, drawn and quartered

Charles II of England sells Dunkirk to France for 40,000 pounds.

Charles II of EnglandDunkirk

Premiere in Milan of the opera Ascanio in Alba, composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, age 15.

Ascanio in AlbaWolfgang Amadeus Mozart

American Revolutionary War: British General John Burgoyne surrenders his army at Saratoga, New York.

American Revolutionary WarJohn BurgoyneSaratoga campaign

American Revolutionary War: British General Charles, Earl Cornwallis surrenders at the Siege of Yorktown.

Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess CornwallisSiege of Yorktown

Britain takes control of the Dutch colony of Curaçao.

Kingdom of Great BritainCuraçao

Former leader of the Haitian Revolution, Emperor Jacques I of Haiti is assassinated after an oppressive rule.

Haitian RevolutionJean-Jacques DessalinesHaiti

Eight people die in the London Beer Flood.

London Beer Flood

Bellini's third opera, Il pirata, is premiered at Teatro alla Scala di Milano

Vincenzo BelliniIl pirataTeatro alla Scala di Milano

First The Open Championship (referred to in North America as the British Open).

The Open Championship

Nineteen people are killed in the Cullin-la-ringo massacre, the deadliest massacre of Europeans by aborigines in Australian history.

Cullin-la-ringo massacreAboriginal Australians

Thomas Edison files a patent for the Optical Phonograph (the first movie).

Thomas Edison

Guglielmo Marconi's company begins the first commercial transatlantic wireless service between Glace Bay, Nova Scotia, Canada and Clifden, Ireland.

Guglielmo MarconiWirelessGlace Bay, Nova ScotiaClifden

Bulgaria, Greece and Serbia declare war on the Ottoman Empire, joining Montenegro in the First Balkan War.

BulgariaSerbiaOttoman EmpireMontenegroFirst Balkan War

RCA is incorporated as the Radio Corporation of America.

RCA

Al Capone is convicted of income tax evasion.

Al CaponeIncome taxTax evasion

Albert Einstein flees Nazi Germany and moves to the United States.

Albert EinsteinNazi Germany

The body of Communist propagandist Willi Münzenberg found in South France, starting a never-resolved mystery.

Willi Münzenberg

World War II: a German submarine attacks an American ship for the first time in the war.

World War IIGerman submarine U-568USS Kearny (DD-432)

German troops execute the male population of the villages Kerdyllia in Serres, Greece.

War crimes of the WehrmachtSerres

The Burma Railway (Burma-Thailand Railway) is completed.

Burma Railway

The Holocaust in Poland: Sobibór extermination camp is closed.

The Holocaust in PolandSobibór extermination camp

A massive number of people, headed by CGT, gather in the Plaza de Mayo in Buenos Aires, Argentina to demand Juan Perón's release.

Confederación General del Trabajo de la República ArgentinaPlaza de MayoBuenos AiresJuan Perón