Pope Eusebius is banished by the Emperor Maxentius to Sicily, where he dies, perhaps from a hunger strike.

309310Pope EusebiusMaxentiusSicilia (Roman province)

St Leo II begins his reign as Catholic Pope.

Byzantine-Bulgarian wars: Battle of the Gates of Trajan: The Bulgarians under the Comitopuli Samuel and Aron defeat the Byzantine forces at the Gate of Trajan, with Byzantine Emperor Basil II barely escaping.

Byzantine-Bulgarian warsBattle of the Gates of TrajanFirst Bulgarian EmpireCometopuli dynastySamuel of Bulgaria

Georgenberg Pact: Ottokar IV, Duke of Styria and Leopold V, Duke of Austria sign a heritage agreement in which Ottokar gives his duchy to Leopold and to his son Frederick under the stipulation that Austria and Styria would henceforth remain undivided.

Georgenberg PactOttokar IV, Duke of StyriaLeopold V, Duke of AustriaFrederick I, Duke of Austria (Babenberg)

Karl Topia, the ruler of Princedom of Albania forges an alliance with the Republic of Venice, committing to participate in all wars of the Republic and receiving coastal protection against the Ottomans in return.

Karl TopiaPrincedom of AlbaniaRepublic of VeniceOttomans

Hundred Years' War: Battle of Verneuil: An English force under John, Duke of Bedford defeats a larger French army under Jean II, Duke of Alençon, John Stewart, and Earl Archibald of Douglas.

Hundred Years' WarBattle of VerneuilJohn, Duke of BedfordJean II, Duke of AlençonJohn Stewart, 2nd Earl of Buchan

Cesare Borgia, son of Pope Alexander VI, becomes the first person in history to resign the cardinalate; later that same day, King Louis XII of France names him Duke of Valentinois.

Cesare BorgiaPope Alexander VICardinal (Catholic Church)Louis XII of FranceDuke of Valentinois

Battle of Sampford Courtenay: The Prayer Book Rebellion is quashed in England.

Battle of Sampford CourtenayPrayer Book RebellionKingdom of England

The Roman Catholic Church is overthrown and Protestantism is established as the national religion in Scotland.

Roman Catholic ChurchProtestantismScottish Reformation ParliamentKingdom of Scotland

Eighty Years' War: Siege of Antwerp: Antwerp is captured by Spanish forces under Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma, who orders Protestants to leave the city and as a result over half of the 100,000 inhabitants flee to the northern provinces.

Eighty Years' WarSiege of Antwerp (1584-85)AntwerpSpanish EmpireAlexander Farnese, Duke of Parma

A first group of colonists sent by Sir Walter Raleigh under the charge of Ralph Lane lands in the New World to create Roanoke Colony on Roanoke Island, off the coast of present-day North Carolina.

Sir Walter RaleighRalph LaneNew WorldRoanoke ColonyRoanoke Island

Islands Voyage: Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, and Sir Walter Raleigh set sail on an expedition to the Azores.

Islands VoyageRobert Devereux, 2nd Earl of EssexWalter RaleighAzores

A magnitude 8.0 earthquake causes 8,000 deaths in Anatolia, Ottoman Empire.

List of historical earthquakesAnatoliaOttoman Empire

Action of 17 August 1712 New Deep naval battle between Denmark and Sweden.

Action of 17 August 1712DenmarkSweden

Austro-Turkish War of 1716-18: The month-long Siege of Belgrade ends with Prince Eugene of Savoy's Austrian troops capturing the city from the Ottoman Empire.

Austro-Turkish War of 1716-18Siege of Belgrade (1717)Prince Eugene of SavoyHabsburg MonarchyOttoman Empire

Ioan Giurgiu Patachi becomes Bishop of Făgăraș and is festively installed in his position at the St. Nicolas Cathedral in Făgăraș, after being formally confirmed earlier by Pope Clement XI.

Ioan Giurgiu PatachiBishop of FăgărașFăgărașPope Clement XI

Pope Benedict XIV, previously known as Prospero Lambertini, succeeds Clement XII as the 247th Pope.

Pope Benedict XIVClement XII

Classical composer Luigi Boccherini receives a pay rise of 12000 reals from his employer, the Infante Luis, Count of Chinchón.

Luigi BoccheriniSpanish realInfante Luis, Count of Chinchón

The Vietnamese Roman Catholics report a Marian apparition in Quảng Trị, an event which is called Our Lady of La Vang.

VietnamMarian apparitionQuảng TrịOur Lady of La Vang

Robert Fulton's North River Steamboat leaves New York City for Albany, New York, on the Hudson River, inaugurating the first commercial steamboat service in the world.

Robert FultonNorth River SteamboatAlbany, New YorkHudson RiverSteamboat

Dutch King Willem I and Pope Leo XII sign concord

Willem I (page does not exist)Pope Leo XII

British parliament accepts registration of births, marriages and deaths

American Indian Wars: The Dakota War of 1862 begins in Minnesota as Lakota warriors attack white settlements along the Minnesota River.

American Indian WarsDakota War of 1862MinnesotaLakota peopleMinnesota River

American Civil War: Major General J. E. B. Stuart is assigned command of all the cavalry of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia.

American Civil WarJ. E. B. StuartConfederate States of AmericaArmy of Northern Virginia

American Civil War: In Charleston, South Carolina, Union batteries and ships bombard Confederate-held Fort Sumter.

Charleston, South CarolinaUnion (American Civil War)Fort Sumter

American Civil War: Battle of Gainesville: Confederate forces defeat Union troops near Gainesville, Florida.

Battle of GainesvilleGainesville, Florida

The Grand Duchy of Baden announces her withdrawal from the German Confederation and signs a treaty of peace and alliance with Prussia.

Grand Duchy of BadenGerman ConfederationHistory of Baden-WürttembergPrussia

The first public performance of the Dominican Republic's national anthem, Himno Nacional.

Dominican RepublicNational anthemNational Anthem of the Dominican Republic

Pike Place Market, a popular tourist destination and registered historic district in Seattle, opened.

Pike Place MarketSeattle

Fantasmagorie, the first animated cartoon, created by Émile Cohl, is shown in Paris, France.

Fantasmagorie (1908 film)Émile Cohl