The Franks are defeated by the Burgundians in the Battle of Vézeronce.

FranksBurgundiansBattle of Vézeronce

In the Battle of Fontenay-en-Puisaye, forces led by Charles the Bald and Louis the German defeat the armies of Lothair I of Italy and Pepin II of Aquitaine.

Battle of Fontenoy (841)Charles the BaldLouis the GermanLothair IPepin II of Aquitaine

At the Diet of Augsburg the Augsburg Confession is presented to the Holy Roman Emperor by the Lutheran princes and Electors of Germany.

Diet of AugsburgAugsburg ConfessionHoly Roman EmperorLutheranPrince-elector

Spanish forces fail to retake Jamaica at the Battle of Rio Nuevo during the Anglo-Spanish War.

Spanish EmpireJamaicaBattle of Rio NuevoAnglo-Spanish War (1654-60)

Venetian Elena Cornaro Piscopia is the first woman awarded a doctorate of philosophy when she graduates from the University of Padua.

Republic of VeniceElena Cornaro PiscopiaDoctor of PhilosophyUniversity of Padua

Maria Theresa of Austria is crowned Queen of Hungary.

Maria Theresa of AustriaList of rulers of Hungary

Gavriil Pribylov discovers St. George Island of the Pribilof Islands in the Bering Sea.

Gavriil PribylovSt. George Island (Alaska)Pribilof IslandsBering Sea

Virginia becomes the tenth state to ratify the United States Constitution.

VirginiaUnited States Constitution

Battle of the Little Bighorn and the death of Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer.

Battle of the Little BighornGeorge Armstrong Custer

The Taoist monk Wang Yuanlu discovers the Dunhuang manuscripts, a cache of ancient texts that are of great historical and religious significance, in the Mogao Caves of Dunhuang, China.

TaoismWang YuanluDunhuang manuscriptsMogao CavesDunhuang

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania millionaire Harry Thaw shoots and kills prominent architect Stanford White.

PittsburghHarry ThawStanford White

The United States Congress passes the Mann Act, which prohibits interstate transport of females for “immoral purposes”; the ambiguous language would be used to selectively prosecute people for years to come.

United States CongressMann Act

Igor Stravinsky's ballet The Firebird is premiered in Paris, bringing him to prominence as a composer.

Igor StravinskyThe Firebird

American Civil War veterans begin arriving at the Great Reunion of 1913.

American Civil WarGreat Reunion of 1913

Capt. Lowell H. Smith and Lt. John P. Richter perform the first ever aerial refueling in a DH.4B biplane

Lowell H. SmithAerial refuelingDH.4BBiplane

Diplomatic relations between the Soviet Union and Colombia are established.

Diplomatic relationsSoviet UnionColombia

Dr. Douglas Hyde is inaugurated as the first President of Ireland.

Douglas HydePresident of Ireland

World War II: France officially surrenders to Germany at 01:35.

World War II

The Holocaust: Jews in the Częstochowa Ghetto in Poland stage an uprising against the Nazis.

The HolocaustCzęstochowa GhettoCzęstochowa Ghetto Uprising

The left-wing German Jewish exile Arthur Goldstein murdered in Auschwitz.

Arthur GoldsteinAuschwitz

World War II: The Battle of Tali-Ihantala, the largest battle ever fought in the Nordic countries, begins.

Battle of Tali-IhantalaNordic countries

World War II: United States Navy and British Royal Navy ships bombard Cherbourg to support United States Army units engaged in the Battle of Cherbourg.

Bombardment of CherbourgUnited States ArmyBattle of Cherbourg

The final page of the comic Krazy Kat is published, exactly two months after its author George Herriman died.

Krazy KatGeorge Herriman

The Diary of a Young Girl (better known as The Diary of Anne Frank) is published.

The Diary of a Young Girl

The Berlin airlift begins.

Berlin Blockade

The Korean War begins with the invasion of South Korea by North Korea.

Korean WarSouth KoreaNorth Korea

Two cryptographers working for the United States National Security Agency left for vacation to Mexico, and from there defected to the Soviet Union.

CryptographyNational Security AgencyMartin and Mitchell defection

Mozambique achieves independence.

Mozambique

Prime Minister Indira Gandhi declares a state of internal emergency in India.

Indira GandhiThe Emergency (India)

Missouri Governor Kit Bond issues an executive order rescinding the Extermination Order, formally apologizing on behalf of the state of Missouri for the suffering it had caused to members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

MissouriKit BondMissouri Executive Order 44The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints