Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signalling the start of civil war.

Julius CaesarRubiconCaesar's Civil War

Pope Fabian succeeds Anterus to become the twentieth pope of Rome.

Pope FabianPope AnterusAncient Rome

Robert Guiscard conquers Palermo.

Robert GuiscardPalermo

Stephen III of Moldavia defeats the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Vaslui.

Stephen III of MoldaviaOttoman EmpireBattle of Vaslui

Archbishop William Laud is beheaded at the Tower of London.

William LaudTower of London

Thomas Paine publishes his pamphlet Common Sense.

Thomas PaineCommon Sense (pamphlet)

The Siege of Dunlap's Station begins near Cincinnati during the Northwest Indian War.

Siege of Dunlap's StationCincinnatiNorthwest Indian War

Dutch settlers in Cape Town surrender to the British.

Cape Town

The first steamboat on the Ohio River or the Mississippi River arrives in New Orleans, 82 days after departing from Pittsburgh.

New Orleans (steamboat)Ohio RiverMississippi RiverNew OrleansPittsburgh

American Civil War: Florida secedes from the Union.

American Civil WarFloridaUnion (American Civil War)

The Metropolitan Railway, the world's oldest underground railway, opens between Paddington and Farringdon, marking the beginning of the London Underground.

Metropolitan RailwayPaddington tube station (Circle and Hammersmith & City lines)Farringdon stationLondon Underground

John D. Rockefeller incorporates Standard Oil.

John D. RockefellerStandard Oil

The first great Texas oil gusher is discovered at Spindletop in Beaumont, Texas.

TexasBlowout (well drilling)SpindletopBeaumont, Texas

World War I: In the Erzurum Offensive, Russia defeats the Ottoman Empire.

World War IErzurum OffensiveRussian Empire

The Treaty of Versailles takes effect, officially ending World War I.

Treaty of Versailles

Fritz Lang's futuristic film Metropolis is released in Germany.

Fritz LangMetropolis (1927 film)

World War II: The Greek army captures Kleisoura.

World War IICapture of Klisura PassKëlcyrë

The first General Assembly of the United Nations opens in London. Fifty-one nations are represented.

United Nations General AssemblyUnited Nations

The United States Army Signal Corps successfully conducts Project Diana, bouncing radio waves off the Moon and receiving the reflected signals.

Signal Corps (United States Army)Project DianaRadio wave

BOAC Flight 781, a de Havilland DH.106 Comet 1, explodes and falls into the Tyrrhenian Sea killing 35 people.

BOAC Flight 781Tyrrhenian Sea

Apollo program: NASA announces plans to build the C-5 rocket launch vehicle, which became known as the Saturn V Moon rocket, which launched every Apollo Moon mission.

Apollo programNASALaunch vehicleSaturn V

Tashkent Declaration, a peace agreement between India and Pakistan signed that resolved the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965.

Tashkent DeclarationIndo-Pakistani War of 1965

Sheikh Mujibur Rahman returns to the newly independent Bangladesh as president after spending over nine months in prison in Pakistan.

Sheikh Mujibur RahmanBangladeshPakistan

Salvadoran Civil War: The FMLN launches its first major offensive, gaining control of most of Morazán and Chalatenango departments

Salvadoran Civil WarFarabundo Martí National Liberation FrontMorazán DepartmentChalatenango Department

Holy See-United States relations: The United States and Holy See (Vatican City) re-establish full diplomatic relations after almost 117 years, overturning the United States Congress's 1867 ban on public funding for such a diplomatic envoy.

Holy See-United States relationsHoly SeeVatican CityUnited States Congress1867

Sandinista Daniel Ortega becomes president of Nicaragua and vows to continue the transformation to socialism and alliance with the Soviet Union and Cuba; American policy continues to support the Contras in their revolt against the Nicaraguan government.

Sandinista National Liberation FrontDaniel OrtegaNicaraguaContras

Time Warner is formed by the merger of Time Inc. and Warner Communications.

Time WarnerTime Inc.Warner Communications

A general strike begins in Guinea in an attempt to get President Lansana Conté to resign.

2007 Guinean general strikeGuineaLansana Conté

The Western Han dynasty ends when Wang Mang claims that the divine Mandate of Heaven called for the end of the dynasty and the beginning of his own, the Xin dynasty.

Han dynastyWang MangMandate of HeavenXin dynasty

Lucius Calpurnius Piso Licinianus is appointed by Galba as deputy Roman Emperor.

Lucius Calpurnius Piso LicinianusGalbaCaesar (title)